Animation Animation.
This animation moves at frames per second.
This animation moves at frames per second At this rate the individual frames should be discernible.
Animation is the illusion of motion created by the consecutive display of images of static elements In film and video production this refers to techniques by which which each frame of a film or movie is produced individually These frames may be generated by computers or by photographing a drawn or painted image or by repeatedly making small changes to a model unit see claymation and stop motion and then photographing the result with a special animation camera When the frames are strung together and the resulting film is viewed there is an illusion of continuous movement due to the phenomenon known as persistence of vision Generating such a film tends to be very labour intensive and tedious though the development of computer animation has greatly sped up the process.
Graphics file formats like GIF MNG SVG and Flash allow animation to be viewed on a computer or over the Internet.
History
For a more in depth look at the history of animation please see the Wikipedia articles Animated cartoon and History of Animation.
The major use of animation has always been for entertainment However there is growing use of instructional animation and educational animation to support explanation and learning.
The classic form of animation the animated cartoon as developed in the early and refined by Walt Disney and others requires up to distinct drawings for one second of animation This technique is described in detail in the article Traditional animation.
Because animation is very time consuming and often very expensive to produce the majority of animation for TV and movies comes from professional animation studios However the field of independent animation has existed at least since the with animation being produced by independent studios and sometimes by a single person Several independent animation producers have gone on to enter the professional animation industry.
Limited animation is a way of increasing production and decreasing costs of animation by using short cuts in the animation process This method was pioneered by UPA and popularized some say exploited by Hanna Barbera and adapted by other studios as cartoons moved from movie theaters to television It is also the basis of animation.
The animations shown before consist of these frames.
Famous names in animation
Famous names of the past.
Famous names of the present day
Animation studios
Animation Studios like Movie Studios may be production facilities or financial entities In some cases especially in Anime they have things in common with artists studios where a Master or group of talented individuals oversee the work of lesser artists and crafts persons in realising their vision.
Animation studios of the past
 Bray Productions
 DePatie Freleng Enterprises
 Filmation
 Fleischer Studios and Famous Studios
 Grantray Lawrence Animation
 Hanna Barbera Productions now Cartoon Network Studios. Harman Ising Productions
 Leon Schesinger Productions Warner Bros Cartoons Inc a k a Termite Terrace now known as Warner Brothers Animation. Metro Goldwyn Mayer
 Rankin Bass
 Soyuzmultfilm
 United Productions of America UPA. Van Beuren Studios
 Walter Lantz Studio
Animation studios of the present era
Styles of animation
 Traditional animation hand drawn. Rotoscoping
 Computer animation
 skeletal animation
 Per vertex animation
 Cutout animation
 Analog computer animation
 Motion capture
 Stop motion animation
 claymation
 Pixilation
 Puppet animation
 Limited animation
 Pinscreen animation
 Drawn on film animation
 Under camera animation
 Replacement animation
See also Animated series Anime Japanese animation List of movie genres
Techniques
 Character animation
 Special effects animation
 Onion skinning
 skeletal animation
 Per vertex animation
 Cel shaded animation
Further Readings
 Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston Disney animation 